Thần kinh, Tư vấn thuốc

Cách sử dụng thuốc khi bị suy nhược thần kinh?

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04
Th11

 Câu hỏi:  Cách sử dụng thuốc khi bị suy nhược thần kinh?
 Trả lời:

Suy nhược thần kinh là một hội chứng bệnh lý thuộc nhóm loạn thần kinh chức năng, do những rối loạn chức năng vỏ não và một số trung khu dưới vỏ gây nên. Bệnh suy nhược thần kinh được xác định là do căn nguyên tâm lý gây nên (có tác giả gọi là bệnh tâm căn suy nhược).

Căn nguyên tâm lý (chấn thương tâm thần, stress) rất đa dạng, là những căng thẳng tâm lý cấp tính hay mạn tính kéo dài như những tổn thất về người và của đột ngột, những mâu thuẫn kéo dài trong gia đình và trong công tác hay lao động trí óc căng thẳng kéo dài, tham vọng không thành…

Bệnh nhân không nên tự động dùng thuốc mà cần có sự hướng dẫn của thầy thuốc để sử dụng cho hợp lý, tránh các tác dụng không mong muốn của thuốc.

Các thuốc tác động lên cơ chế sinh bệnh  có tác dụng lên quá trình hưng phấn hệ thần kinh như: sulbutiamine (arcalion) hoặc asthenal uống sau ăn sáng. Nếu uống vào buổi trưa hoặc tối có thể gây mất ngủ, nếu uống vào lúc đói có thể gây cồn cào, khó chịu vùng thượng vị.

Các thuốc khác có tác dụng chữa triệu chứng, tuỳ từng bệnh nhân khác nhau có thể chỉ định cho các thuốc khác nhau. Các thuốc hay được các bác sĩ khuyên dùng là:

– Tăng cường tuần hoàn và dinh dưỡng não: piracetam, ginkgo biloba…

– Thuốc an thần, trấn tĩnh: nên dùng các thuốc có tác dụng an thần nhẹ, trấn tĩnh. Tuy nhiên nhóm thuốc này thường gây quen thuốc nên sử dụng cần thận trọng.

– Thuốc giảm đau: hay dùng là các dẫn chất của paracetamol và acetaminophen: các thuốc này có đặc điểm là tác dụng nhanh nhưng có tác dụng bất lợi là độc với gan, thận, tác dụng lên đường tiêu hoá. Khi sử dụng nên dùng xa bữa ăn, uống với nhiều nước.

– Các vitamin: đừng quan niệm vitamin là các thuốc bổ mà sử dụng tuỳ tiện. Đây là nhóm thuốc cung cấp các yếu tố vi lượng, có tác dụng tới quá trình chuyển hoá của cơ thể đồng thời nó cũng có tác dụng phụ không tốt nếu ta dùng quá liêu và không đúng chỉ định.

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